Main Article Content
Abstract
Effective classroom discipline is pivotal for creating an environment conducive to learning. This review article synthesizes key strategies for maintaining discipline, drawing from contemporary educational research. It emphasizes the importance of establishing clear, consistent rules and the role of positive reinforcement in promoting desirable behaviors. The review article advocates for an inclusive approach that values student engagement and participation, highlighting the need for educators to adapt their disciplinary methods to cater to diverse learning needs. It also discusses the significance of building a positive teacher-student relationship as a foundational element for a disciplined classroom. Conflict resolution techniques and the development of social-emotional competencies are identified as critical tools for mitigating disruptive behaviors. Furthermore, the role of parental involvement and community engagement in supporting classroom discipline is examined. This comprehensive guide not only offers practical strategies for teachers to implement but also encourages a reflective practice that aligns with the evolving dynamics of modern classrooms. By integrating these multifaceted approaches, educators can foster a respectful and orderly classroom atmosphere, essential for effective teaching and learning.
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References
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- Agbeko, D. T., Yale, J., & Hanson, R. (2023). Science Tutors’ Knowledge of Differentiated Instruction in Colleges of Education in Volta Region, Ghana. Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 2(1), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.1.16
- Amponsah, P. N., & Okyere, M. (2023). Audiences’ Choice of Sources and Verification of News: Do Age and Educational Level Matter in Ghana? Original Article Scholars Journal of Science and Technology | Journalism and Mass Communication, 4(2), 98. https://doi.org/10.53075/Ijmsirq/745634567
- Bahroun, Z., Anane, C., Ahmed, V., & Zacca, A. (2023a). Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 15, Issue 17). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712983
- Bahroun, Z., Anane, C., Ahmed, V., & Zacca, A. (2023b). Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 15, Issue 17). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712983
- Bal, A. (2018). Culturally responsive positive behavioral interventions and supports: A process–oriented framework for systemic transformation. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 40(2), 144–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2017.1417579
- Blatchford, P., & Russell, A. (2019). Class size, grouping practices and classroom management. International Journal of Educational Research, 96, 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2018.09.004
- Bondy, E., Ross, D. D., Gallingane, C., & Hambacher, E. (2007). Creating environments of success and resilience: Culturally responsive classroom management and more. Urban Education, 42(4), 326–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085907303406
- Bradshaw, C. P., Mitchell, M. M., O’Brennan, L. M., & Leaf, P. J. (2010). Multilevel Exploration of Factors Contributing to the Overrepresentation of Black Students in Office Disciplinary Referrals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(2), 508–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/A0018450
- Brandi Simonsen, Sarah Fairbanks, Amy Briesch, Diane Myers, & George Sugai. (2008). Evidence-based Practices in Classroom Management: Considerations for Research to Practice. Education and Treatment of Children, 31(1), 351–380. https://doi.org/10.1353/ETC.0.0007
- Colvin, G., Flannery, K. B., Sugai, G., & Monegan, J. (2009). Using Observational Data to Provide Performance Feedback to Teachers: A High School Case Study. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 53(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.3200/PSFL.53.2.95-104
- Dori, Y. J., Goldman, D., Shwartz, G., Lavie-Alon, N., Sarid, A., & Tal, T. (2023). Assessing and comparing alternative certification programs: The teacher-classroom-community model. Frontiers in Education, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1006009
- Emmer, E. T., & Stough, L. M. (2001). Classroom management: A critical part of educational psychology, with implications for teacher education. Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3602_5
- Erik Backman B. Tolgfors, G. N., & Quennerstedt, M. (2023). How does physical education teacher education matter? A methodological approach to understanding transitions from PETE to school physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 28(4), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2021.1990248
- Franco, M. P., Bottiani, J. H., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2024). Teachers’ Structuring of Culturally Responsive Social Relations and Secondary Students’ Experience of Warm Demand. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2023.102241
- Ghorbani, A., Mohammadi, N., Rooddehghan, Z., Bakhshi, F., & Nasrabadi, A. N. (2023). Transformational leadership in development of transformative education in nursing: a qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01154-z
- Harris, D. N., & Sass, T. R. (2011). Teacher training, teacher quality and student achievement. Journal of Public Economics, 95(7–8), 798–812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.009
- Korpershoek, H., Harms, T., de Boer, H., van Kuijk, M., & Doolaard, S. (2016). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Classroom Management Strategies and Classroom Management Programs on Students’ Academic, Behavioral, Emotional, and Motivational Outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 643–680. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315626799
- Kraft, M. (2007). Toward a school-wide model of teaching for social justice: An examination of the best practices of two small public schools. Equity and Excellence in Education, 40(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680601076601
- Mashburn, A. J., Meyer, J. P., Allen, J. P., & Pianta, R. C. (2014). The Effect of Observation Length and Presentation Order on the Reliability and Validity of an Observational Measure of Teaching Quality. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 74(3), 400–422. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164413515882
- Mercier, K., Simonton, K., Centeio, E., Barcelona, J., & Garn, A. (2023). Middle school students’ attitudes toward physical activity and physical education, intentions, and physical activity behavior. European Physical Education Review, 29(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X221106051
- Moll, L. C., Cathy, A., Neff, D., & Gonzale, N. (1992). Funds of Knowledge for Teaching: Using a Qualitative Approach to Connect Homes and Classrooms. Theory Into Practice, 31(2), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849209543534
- Morrison, K. A., Robbins, H. H., & Rose, D. G. (2008). Operationalizing culturally relevant pedagogy: A synthesis of classroom-based research. Equity and Excellence in Education, 41(4), 433–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680802400006
- Owusu, D., Arthur, F., Nkyi, A. K., Amponsah, M. O., Awabil, G., Fia, S. D., & Antiri, K. O. (2023). Profiling Differences in Burnout Among Senior High School Teachers in Ghana Based on Their Demographic Characteristics International Journal of Changes in Education. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE32021809
- Rawal, D. M. (2023). Work life balance among female school teachers [k-12] delivering online curriculum in Noida [India] during COVID: Empirical study. Management in Education, 37(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892020621994303
- Rojas-Sánchez, M. A., Palos-Sánchez, P. R., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2023). Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on virtual reality and education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 155–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11167-5
- Rosenholtz, S. J., Bassler, O., & Hoover-Dempsey, K. (1986). Organizational conditions of teacher learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 2(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-051X(86)90008-9
- Schenzle, S., & Schultz, J.-H. (2024). “Students are bringing the revolution into the classroom!” teachers’ and counselors’ perceptions of the need for psychosocial support in crisis-affected classrooms in Lebanon. Teaching and Teacher Education, 139, 104416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104416
- Sleeter, C. E. (2001). Preparing teachers for culturally diverse schools: Research and the overwhelming presence of whiteness. Journal of Teacher Education, 52(2), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487101052002002
- Thomas, E. E., & Warren, C. A. (2017). Making it relevant: how a black male teacher sustained professional relationships through culturally responsive discourse. Race Ethnicity and Education, 20(1), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2015.1121217
- Tony Bush Ashley Yoon Mooi Ng, W. K. T. D. G., & Chay, J. (2023). Ensuring Acceptability and Feasibility: The Challenges of Educational Policy Reform in Malaysia. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 22(2), 314–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2021.1933063
- Weinstein, C. S., Tomlinson-Clarke, S., & Curran, M. (2004). Toward a conception of culturally responsive classroom management. Journal of Teacher Education, 55(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487103259812
- Westley, K. E. (2011). Teacher quality and student achievement. Teacher Quality and Student Achievement, 1–215. https://doi.org/10.14507/EPAA.V8N1.2000
- Young, E. (2010). Challenges to conceptualizing and actualizing culturally relevant pedagogy: How viable is the theory in classroom practice? Journal of Teacher Education, 61(3), 248–260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487109359775
References
Adegbola, F. F., & Adeleke, F. F. (2023). Literacy Curriculum Development for Basic Science and Management Science in Secondary Schools in Nigeria. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 4(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2023.4.1.529
Agbeko, D. T., Yale, J., & Hanson, R. (2023). Science Tutors’ Knowledge of Differentiated Instruction in Colleges of Education in Volta Region, Ghana. Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 2(1), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.2.1.16
Amponsah, P. N., & Okyere, M. (2023). Audiences’ Choice of Sources and Verification of News: Do Age and Educational Level Matter in Ghana? Original Article Scholars Journal of Science and Technology | Journalism and Mass Communication, 4(2), 98. https://doi.org/10.53075/Ijmsirq/745634567
Bahroun, Z., Anane, C., Ahmed, V., & Zacca, A. (2023a). Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 15, Issue 17). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712983
Bahroun, Z., Anane, C., Ahmed, V., & Zacca, A. (2023b). Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 15, Issue 17). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712983
Bal, A. (2018). Culturally responsive positive behavioral interventions and supports: A process–oriented framework for systemic transformation. Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies, 40(2), 144–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2017.1417579
Blatchford, P., & Russell, A. (2019). Class size, grouping practices and classroom management. International Journal of Educational Research, 96, 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2018.09.004
Bondy, E., Ross, D. D., Gallingane, C., & Hambacher, E. (2007). Creating environments of success and resilience: Culturally responsive classroom management and more. Urban Education, 42(4), 326–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085907303406
Bradshaw, C. P., Mitchell, M. M., O’Brennan, L. M., & Leaf, P. J. (2010). Multilevel Exploration of Factors Contributing to the Overrepresentation of Black Students in Office Disciplinary Referrals. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(2), 508–520. https://doi.org/10.1037/A0018450
Brandi Simonsen, Sarah Fairbanks, Amy Briesch, Diane Myers, & George Sugai. (2008). Evidence-based Practices in Classroom Management: Considerations for Research to Practice. Education and Treatment of Children, 31(1), 351–380. https://doi.org/10.1353/ETC.0.0007
Colvin, G., Flannery, K. B., Sugai, G., & Monegan, J. (2009). Using Observational Data to Provide Performance Feedback to Teachers: A High School Case Study. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 53(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.3200/PSFL.53.2.95-104
Dori, Y. J., Goldman, D., Shwartz, G., Lavie-Alon, N., Sarid, A., & Tal, T. (2023). Assessing and comparing alternative certification programs: The teacher-classroom-community model. Frontiers in Education, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1006009
Emmer, E. T., & Stough, L. M. (2001). Classroom management: A critical part of educational psychology, with implications for teacher education. Educational Psychologist, 36(2), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3602_5
Erik Backman B. Tolgfors, G. N., & Quennerstedt, M. (2023). How does physical education teacher education matter? A methodological approach to understanding transitions from PETE to school physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 28(4), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2021.1990248
Franco, M. P., Bottiani, J. H., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2024). Teachers’ Structuring of Culturally Responsive Social Relations and Secondary Students’ Experience of Warm Demand. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2023.102241
Ghorbani, A., Mohammadi, N., Rooddehghan, Z., Bakhshi, F., & Nasrabadi, A. N. (2023). Transformational leadership in development of transformative education in nursing: a qualitative study. BMC Nursing, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01154-z
Harris, D. N., & Sass, T. R. (2011). Teacher training, teacher quality and student achievement. Journal of Public Economics, 95(7–8), 798–812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.009
Korpershoek, H., Harms, T., de Boer, H., van Kuijk, M., & Doolaard, S. (2016). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Classroom Management Strategies and Classroom Management Programs on Students’ Academic, Behavioral, Emotional, and Motivational Outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 86(3), 643–680. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654315626799
Kraft, M. (2007). Toward a school-wide model of teaching for social justice: An examination of the best practices of two small public schools. Equity and Excellence in Education, 40(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680601076601
Mashburn, A. J., Meyer, J. P., Allen, J. P., & Pianta, R. C. (2014). The Effect of Observation Length and Presentation Order on the Reliability and Validity of an Observational Measure of Teaching Quality. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 74(3), 400–422. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164413515882
Mercier, K., Simonton, K., Centeio, E., Barcelona, J., & Garn, A. (2023). Middle school students’ attitudes toward physical activity and physical education, intentions, and physical activity behavior. European Physical Education Review, 29(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X221106051
Moll, L. C., Cathy, A., Neff, D., & Gonzale, N. (1992). Funds of Knowledge for Teaching: Using a Qualitative Approach to Connect Homes and Classrooms. Theory Into Practice, 31(2), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405849209543534
Morrison, K. A., Robbins, H. H., & Rose, D. G. (2008). Operationalizing culturally relevant pedagogy: A synthesis of classroom-based research. Equity and Excellence in Education, 41(4), 433–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665680802400006
Owusu, D., Arthur, F., Nkyi, A. K., Amponsah, M. O., Awabil, G., Fia, S. D., & Antiri, K. O. (2023). Profiling Differences in Burnout Among Senior High School Teachers in Ghana Based on Their Demographic Characteristics International Journal of Changes in Education. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE32021809
Rawal, D. M. (2023). Work life balance among female school teachers [k-12] delivering online curriculum in Noida [India] during COVID: Empirical study. Management in Education, 37(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892020621994303
Rojas-Sánchez, M. A., Palos-Sánchez, P. R., & Folgado-Fernández, J. A. (2023). Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis on virtual reality and education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 155–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11167-5
Rosenholtz, S. J., Bassler, O., & Hoover-Dempsey, K. (1986). Organizational conditions of teacher learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 2(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-051X(86)90008-9
Schenzle, S., & Schultz, J.-H. (2024). “Students are bringing the revolution into the classroom!” teachers’ and counselors’ perceptions of the need for psychosocial support in crisis-affected classrooms in Lebanon. Teaching and Teacher Education, 139, 104416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104416
Sleeter, C. E. (2001). Preparing teachers for culturally diverse schools: Research and the overwhelming presence of whiteness. Journal of Teacher Education, 52(2), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487101052002002
Thomas, E. E., & Warren, C. A. (2017). Making it relevant: how a black male teacher sustained professional relationships through culturally responsive discourse. Race Ethnicity and Education, 20(1), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2015.1121217
Tony Bush Ashley Yoon Mooi Ng, W. K. T. D. G., & Chay, J. (2023). Ensuring Acceptability and Feasibility: The Challenges of Educational Policy Reform in Malaysia. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 22(2), 314–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/15700763.2021.1933063
Weinstein, C. S., Tomlinson-Clarke, S., & Curran, M. (2004). Toward a conception of culturally responsive classroom management. Journal of Teacher Education, 55(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487103259812
Westley, K. E. (2011). Teacher quality and student achievement. Teacher Quality and Student Achievement, 1–215. https://doi.org/10.14507/EPAA.V8N1.2000
Young, E. (2010). Challenges to conceptualizing and actualizing culturally relevant pedagogy: How viable is the theory in classroom practice? Journal of Teacher Education, 61(3), 248–260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487109359775