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Abstract

Human Resource Management (HRM) practices are crucial in fostering organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Despite extensive research, there is limited understanding of how HRM practices influence these outcomes in developing country contexts, particularly within higher education institutions. To examine the impact of HRM practices on organizational commitment and OCB, and to assess the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between HRM practices and OCB among administrative staff in Sunyani-based universities. This study adopted a quantitative research design using descriptive and explanatory approaches to explore relationships and causal effects between variables. The study utilized stratified and census sampling techniques to select 182 administrative staff from two universities in Sunyani. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that measured HRM practices (training, compensation, performance management, and empowerment), organizational commitment (affective, continuance, normative), and OCB. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analyses were employed to analyze the data, with SPSS version 21 as the analytical tool. Validity and reliability were ensured through pre-testing and the use of Cronbach’s alpha. HRM practices significantly influenced organizational commitment dimensions, with training and empowerment strongly predicting affective commitment and OCB. Compensation was critical for continuance and normative commitments. Organizational commitment mediated the relationship between HRM practices and OCB, underscoring its role in translating HR strategies into discretionary employee behaviors. Higher education institutions should prioritize training, empowerment, and fair compensation systems to enhance organizational commitment and OCB. These findings provide valuable insights for HRM practitioners and contribute to the literature on HRM in developing contexts.

Keywords

Human Resource Management Practices Organizational Commitment Organizational Citizenship Behavior Higher Education Developing Country Sunyani Universities Employee Engagement.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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