Article Sidebar

Download
View Full Article S.I.S
Statistic
Read Counter : 101 Download : 34

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Main Article Content

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to assess hand hygiene practices among nurses and midwives at the hospital in this COVID-19 era. The survey employed a health facility-based cross-sectional study design and a simple random sampling technique to recruit respondents. A sample size of 114 nurses and midwives was selected for the study. A structured study questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents. Descriptive statistics were conducted on participants' sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge of COVID-19. A Pearson chi-square test was conducted to determine the strength of the association between sociodemographic variables and knowledge of COVID-19. The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient is used to establish the correlation between the dependent and the predictor variables. The study demonstrated that nurses and midwives had fair knowledge (51.8%) of the COVID-19 pandemic and hand hygiene practices. The study also indicated that a significant positive correlation existed between nurses' and midwives' knowledge of COVID-19 and the processes of hand hygiene [Spearman (Rho) = 0.681, P = 0.001]. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between nurses' and midwives' knowledge of COVID-19 and hand hygiene compliance [Spearman (Rho) = 0.391, P =.0001] in preventing COVID-19 infection. In the end, it was established that the level of health workers' knowledge of COVID-19 has a significant relationship to hand hygiene processes and compliance with infection prevention control. However, the study recommends that the Government of Ghana, through the Ministry of Health and its agencies such as GHS and CHAG, among others, embark on intensive health promotion and educational programs for health care providers to keep them informed about the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords

Hand hygiene Infection prevention Control at a the Hospital nurses midwives COVID-19 pandemic

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Carlos Yeboah, Catholic University of Ghana, Fiapre, P.O. Box 363, Sunyani

Mr. Carlos Yeboah is currently a Registered Nurse and a Senior Research Assistant at School of Nursing and Midwifery of Catholic University Ghana, Fiapre.

Samuel Yaw-Opoku, Catholic University of Ghana, Fiapre, P.O. Box 363, Sunyani

Dr. Samuel Yaw-Opoku is currently the Dean for School of Public Health, Catholic University of Ghana, Fiapre.

 

Richard Kwasi Henneh, Catholic University of Ghana, Fiapre, P.O. Box 363, Sunyani

Mr. Richard Kwesi Henneh is currently the Head of the Department at the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Catholic University Ghana, Fiapre.

How to Cite
Yeboah, C., Yaw-Opoku, S. . ., & Kwasi Henneh, . R. (2023). Hand Hygiene Practices among Nurses and Midwives at the Hospital in the Covid-19 Era . Convergence Chronicles, 4(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.53075/Ijmsirq/745353463
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

  1. Abdel Wahid WY, Hefzy EM, Ahmed MI, Hamed NS.J Community Health. 2020 Dec; 45 (6):1242-1251. DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00882-0.
  2. Al-Hanawi MK, Mwale ML, Alshareef N, Qattan AMN, Angawi K, Almubark R, Alsharqi O. Psychological Distress Amongst Health Workers and the General Public During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Jul 7; 13:733-742. DOI: 10.2147/RMHP.S264037. PMID: 32753986; PMCID: PMC7354007.
  3. "Advice for the public on COVID-19 – World Health Organization". World Health Organization (WHO). Retrieved 18 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121211
  4. Anthony Amanfo Ofori, Joseph Osarfo, Evans Kofi Agbeno, Dominic Owusu Manu, Elsie Amoah First Published March 12, 2021, Research Article Find in PubMed https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121211000919
  5. Asare, A., Enweronu-lawyer, C. C., & Newman, M. J. (n.d.). Original Article Hand hygiene practices in a neonatal intensive care unit in Ghana. 1–5.
  6. Ataiyero, Yetunde, Judith Dyson, and Moira Graham. "Barriers to hand hygiene practices among health care workers in sub-Saharan African countries: A narrative review." American journal of infection control 47, no. 5 (2019): 565-573. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121
  7. Barrett, C., & Cheung, K. L. (2021). Knowledge, socio-cognitive perceptions and the practice of hand hygiene and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study of UK university students. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10461-0
  8. Bhagavathula, A., Aldhaleei, W. A., Rahmani, J. R., Mahabadi, M. A., & Bandari, D. K. (2020). Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Knowledge and Perceptions: A Survey of Healthcare Workers. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. https://doi.org/10.2196/19160
  9. Blake H, Bermingham F, Johnson G, Tabner A. Mitigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers: A Digital Learning Package. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 26;17(9):2997. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17092997. PMID: 32357424; PMCID: PMC7246821.
  10. Carmassi C, Foghi C, Dell'Oste V, Cordone A, Bertelloni CA, Bui E, Dell'Osso L. PTSD symptoms in healthcare workers facing the three coronavirus outbreaks: What can we expect after the COVID-19 pandemic Psychiatry Res. 2020 Oct;292:113312. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113312. Epub 2020 Jul 20. PMID: 32717711; PMCID: PMC7370915.
  11. Chew NWS, Lee GKH, Tan BYQ, Jing M, Goh Y, Ngiam NJH, Yeo LLL, Ahmad A, Ahmed Khan F, Napolean Shanmugam G, Sharma AK, Komalkumar RN, Meenakshi PV, Shah K, Patel B, Chan BPL, Sunny S, Chandra B, Ong JJY, Paliwal PR, Wong LYH, Sagayanathan R, Chen JT, Ying Ng AY, Teoh HL, Tsivgoulis G, Ho CS, Ho RC, Sharma VK. A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak. Brain Behav Immun. 2020 Aug;88:559-565. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.049. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PMID: 32330593; PMCID: PMC7172854.
  12. Clancy, C., Delungahawatta, T., & Dunne, C. P. (2021). Hand hygiene-related clinical trials reported between 2014 and 2020: a comprehensive systematic review. Journal of Hospital Infection.doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.008.
  13. de Arriba-Fernández A, Molina-Cabrillana MJ, Serra Majem L. [Evolution of adherence to hand hygiene in health care professionals in a third level hospital in relation to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic]. Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia : Publicacion Oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia. 2021 Jun;34(3):214-219. DOI: 10.37201/req/150.2020. PMID: 33829723; PMCID: PMC8179943.
  14. Derksen, C., Keller, F. M., & Lippke, S. (2020). Obstetric Healthcare Workers’ Adherence to Hand Hygiene Recommendations during the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Observations and Social‐Cognitive Determinants. Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being, 12(4), 1286-1305.doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.008.
  15. Dekabo, M. (2021). An Investigation of Vocabulary Teaching Strategies in Grade Eleven: The Case of Gerba Secondary School in West Guji Zone. Journal of Indigenous Knowledge and Development Studies, 2(2), 19-40. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.008.
  16. Dwipayanti, N. M. U., Lubis, D. S., & Harjana, N. P. A. (2021). Public Perception and Hand Hygiene Behavior During COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Frontiers in Public Health, 9(May), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.62180
  17. El-Hage W, Hingray C, Lemogne C, Yrondi A, Brunault P, Bienvenu T, Etain B, Paquet C, Gohier B, Bennabi D, Birmes P, Sauvaget A, Fakra E, Prieto N, Bulteau S, Vidailhet P, Camus V, Leboyer M, Krebs MO, Aouizerate B. Les professionnels de santé face à la pandémie de la maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) : quels risques pour leur santé mentale ? [Health professionals facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: What are the mental health risks?]. Encephale. 2020 Jun;46(3S):S73-S80. French. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.008. Epub 2020 Apr 22. PMID: 32370984; PMCID: PMC7174182.
  18. Gebremeskel TG, Kiros K, Gesesew HA, Ward PR. Front Public Health. 2021 Jun 23;9:614321. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.614321. eCollection 2021.PMID: 34249827
  19. Ghimire P, Dhungel S, Pokhrel A. J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2020 Sep 8;18(2):293-300. DOI: 10.33314/jnhrc.v18i2.2658.PMID: 32969396
  20. Giorgi G, Lecca LI, Alessio F, Finstad GL, Bondanini G, Lulli LG, Arcangeli G, Mucci N. COVID-19-Related Mental Health Effects in the Workplace: A Narrative Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Oct 27;17(21):7857. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217857. PMID: 33120930; PMCID: PMC7663773.
  21. Głabska, D., Skolmowska, D., & Guzek, D. (2020). A population-based study of the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on hand hygiene behaviors-polish adolescents' COVID-19 experience (place-19) study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12124930
  22. Goyal A, Narula H, Gupta PK, Sharma A, Bhadoria AS, Gupta P. Evaluation of existing knowledge, attitude, perception and compliance of hand hygiene among health care workers in a Tertiary care center in Uttarakhand. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Mar 26;9(3):1620-1627. DOI: 10.4103/jumps.jfmpc_1183_19. PMID: 32509662; PMCID: PMC7266188.
  23. Hartwell, E. E., Serovich, J. M., Reed, S. J., Boisvert, D., & Falbo, T. (2017). A systematic review of gay, lesbian, and bisexual research samples in couple and family therapy journals. Journal of marital and family therapy, 43(3), 482-501.https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12163127
  24. Huang, F., Armando, M., Dufau, S., Florea, O., Brouqui, P., & Boudjema, S. (2021). COVID-19 outbreak and healthcare worker behavioral change toward hand hygiene practices. Journal of Hospital Infection, 111, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12124930
  25. Israel, Glenn D. 1992. Sampling The Evidence Of Extension Program Impact. Program Evaluation and Organizational Development, IFAS, University of Florida. PERIOD-5. October. DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.1.1742
  26. Kamacooko O, Kitonsa J, Bahemuka UM, Kibengo FM, Wajja A, Basajja V, Lumala A, Kakande A, Kafeero P, Ssemwanga E, Asaba R, Mugisha J, Pierce BF, Shattock RJ, Kaleebu P, Ruzagira E.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 June 30;18(13):7004. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137004.PMID: 34208959
  27. Kumar A, Keri VC, Khan MA, Ranjan P, Rastogi N, Sahu M, Wig N. Assessment of healthcare worker's hand hygiene and infection prevention practices of their personal belongings in a healthcare setting: a survey in pre-COVID-19 era and literature review on standard disinfection practices. J Prev Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 29;62(1): E104-E109. DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.1.1742. PMID: 34322624; PMCID: PMC8283623.
  28. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, Wu J, Du H, Chen T, Li R, Tan H, Kang L, Yao L, Huang M, Wang H, Wang G, Liu Z, Hu S. Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Mar 2;3(3):e203976. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976. PMID: 32202646; PMCID: PMC7090843.
  29. Levchenko, A. I., Boscart, V. M., & Fernie, G. R. (2014). Automated monitoring: a potential solution for achieving sustainable improvement in hand hygiene practices. Computers, Informatics, Nursing : CIN, 32(8), 397–403. https://doi.org/10.1097/CIN.0000000000000067
  30. Limbu DK, Piryani RM, Sunny AK. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 6;15(11):e0242126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242126. eCollection 2020.PMID: 33156873
  31. Mbachu CNP, Azubuike CM, Mbachu II, Ndukwu CI, Ezeuko AY, Udigwe IB, Nnamani CP, Umeh UM, Ezeagwuna DA, Onah SK, Eze HO, Okereke UC, Orji-Ifeanyi EN.J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020 Sep 30;14(9):943-952. doi: 10.3855/jidc.13248.PMID: 33031078
  32. McCombes, S (2020). Descriptive Research. Scribbr https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12124930
  33. Moore, L. D., Robbins, G., Quinn, J., & Arbogast, J. W. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hand hygiene performance in hospitals. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(1), 30–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.08.021
  34. Mugambe, R. K., Mselle, J. S., Ssekamatte, T., Ntanda, M., Isunju, J. B., Wafula, S. T., ... & Moe, C. L. (2021). Impact of mhealth messages and environmental cues on hand hygiene practice among healthcare workers in the greater Kampala metropolitan area, Uganda: study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial. BMC health services research, 21(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1026/j.ajic.2021.08.021
  35. Nguyen TT, Le XTT, Nguyen NTT, Nguyen QN, Le HT, Pham QT, Ta NKT, Nguyen QT, Nguyen AN, Hoang MT, Pham HQ, Vu LG, Luong AM, Koh D, Nguyen TH, Tran BX, Latkin CA, Ho CSH, Ho RCM. Psychosocial Impacts of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers During the Nationwide Partial Lockdown in Vietnam in April 2020. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Jul 20;12:562337. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.562337. PMID: 34354605; PMCID: PMC8329079.
  36. Nwagbara UI, Osual EC, Chireshe R, Bolarinwa OA, Saeed BQ, Khuzwayo N, Hlongwana KW.PLoS One. 2021 Apr 19;16(4):e0249853. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249853. eCollection 2021.PMID: 33872330
  37. Preti E, Di Mattei V, Perego G, Ferrari F, Mazzetti M, Taranto P, Di Pierro R, Madeddu F, Calati R.Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020 Jul 10;22(8):43. doi: 10.1007/s11920-020-01166-z.PMID: 32651717
  38. Ranganathan, P., & Aggarwal, R. (2018). Study designs: Part 1–An overview and classification. Perspectives in clinical research, 9(4), 184.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0511853.
  39. Ragusa, R., Marranzano, M., Lombardo, A., Quattrocchi, R., Bellia, M. A., & Lupo, L. (2021). Has the COVID 19 Virus Changed Adherence to Hand Washing among Healthcare Workers?. Behavioral Sciences, 11(4), 53.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249853.
  40. Roshan, R., Feroz, A. S., Rafique, Z., & Virani, N. (2020). Rigorous Hand Hygiene Practices Among Health Care Workers Reduce Hospital-Associated Infections During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health, 11, 10–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720943331
  41. Sure, J. E. C., & Panford-quainoo, K. (n.d.). Twitter Interaction to Analyze Covid-19 Impact in Ghana, Africa from March to July. December 2019.DOI: 10.32394/rpzh.2019.0112.
  42. Singh Gambhir R, Singh Dhaliwal J, Aggarwal A, Anand S, Anand V, Kaur Bhangu A.Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2020;71(2):223-229. DOI: 10.32394/rpzh.2020.0115.
  43. Si MY, Su XY, Jiang Y, Wang WJ, Gu XF, Ma L, Li J, Zhang SK, Ren ZF, Ren R, Liu YL, Qiao YL. The psychological impact of COVID-19 on medical care workers in China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020 Aug 12;9(1):113. DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00724-0. PMID: 32787929; PMCID: PMC7422468.
  44. Sileyew, K. J. (2019). Research design and methodology. In Cyberspace. IntechOpen. DOI:10.32394/rpzh.2019.0112. "Social distancing: what you need to do – Coronavirus (COVID-19)". NHS.uk. 2 June 2020. Retrieved 18_August 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503110009177
  45. Sun P, Wang M, Song T, Wu Y, Luo J, Chen L, Yan L. The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol. 2021 Jul 8;12:626547. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626547. PMID: 34305703; PMCID: PMC8297953
  46. Teng, Z., Wei, Z., Qiu, Y., Tan, Y., Chen, J., Tang, H., Wu, H., & Wu, R. (2020). Journal of effective Disorders Psychological status and fatigue of frontline staff two months after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in China : A cross-sectional study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 275(May), 247–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.032
  47. Tsegaye D, Shuremu M, Oljira D, Dubale S, Befekadu G, Bidira K. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 May 27;21(1):490. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06218-0.PMID: 34044784
  48. "WHO-recommended hand rub formulations". WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care. World Health Organization (WHO). 19 March 2009. Retrieved 19 March 2020. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626547. PMID: 34305703
  49. Yang, Q., Wang, X., Zhou, Q., Tan, L., Zhang, X., & Lai, X. (2021). Healthcare workers’ behaviors on infection prevention and control and their determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study based on the theoretical domains framework in Wuhan, China. Archives of Public Health, 79(1), 1-10.DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626547. PMID: 34305703
  50. Yamane, Taro. 1967. Statistics, an Introductory Analysis, second Ed., and New York: Harper and RowDOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626547. PMID: 54305708
  51. Zegarra, A., Chino, B., & Ames, R. (2020). Knowledge, perception, and attitudes regarding COVID-19 Pandemic in Peruvian Population Knowledge, perception, and attitudes regarding COVID-19 Pandemic in Peruvian Population Corresponding Author : Adrián_Zegarra-Valdivia._April. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kr9ya